Doctor Who is a British television series of science best science fiction books produced by the BBC, and a sequel in film produced by Universal Studios under license from the British in 1996. The program shows the adventures of a mysterious time traveler known as the Doctor who explores time and space in his ship TARDIS, fixing problems and correcting errors. The program is in the Guinness Book of Records as the series of science fiction television's longest-running world and is also a significant element of British popular culture. It has been recognized for its imaginative stories, creative special effects low cost for the original series and the pioneering use of electronic music. The show became a cult series and influenced several generations of British television professionals. He has been recognized by critics and audiences as one of the best British television programs, winning a BAFTA for Best Drama Series in 2006. The original series aired from 1963 to 1989. In 1996 it became a TV movie and the program was again successfully delivered in 2005, produced by BBC Wales. Part of the budget to develop the new series comes from the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), which appears in the credits as co-producer. Doctor Who has also created several products such as the television series Torchwood and The Sarah Jane Smith adventures, novels and comics. The relaunch of the program began as a Christmas special. The third series, with David Tennant as the Doctor and Freema Agyeman as his companion, began on March 31, 2007 on BBC One during the year 2009 due to scheduling problems of David Tennant, the series was reduced to only four special (the last being composed of 2 parts, issued on different days). Tennant finally decided to leave the show, being replaced by young Matt Smith. On April 3, 2010 opened the fifth season of the series, featuring the new Doctor and Karen Gillian playing his companion, Amy Pond. Doctor Who first appeared on the BBC on November 23, 1963 at 17:15 (GMT), after discussions and planning that had lasted a year. Sydney Newman, BBC Drama, was primarily responsible for its development, with contributions from the Head of Scripts, Donald Wilson, the writer Anthony Coburn, editor David Whitaker and initial producer Verity Lambert. The title song was composed by Ron Grainer and Delia Derbyshire made by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop. It was intended that the program was interensante for children and adults. The Department of Drama Series division produced the program for 26 seasons, issued by the BBC One audience figures had fallen, a deterioration in public perceptions of the space program and a less prominent issue, decided to Jonathan Powell, controller of BBC One, to suspend the series in 1989. Although all effects was canceled, co-star Sophie Aldred as mentioned in the documentary Doctor Who: More Than 30 Years in the TARDIS, the BBC maintained that the series was only on hold and that the program would return. Although domestic production had ceased, the BBC began looking for a independent production company to relaunch the series. Philip Segal, who worked for the TV section of Columbia Pictures in the United States, made a proposal to the BBC about the series. Segal's negotiations ended with the creation of a TV movie. Doctor Who The film aired on Fox Network in 1996 as a joint venture between Fox, Universal Pictures, BBC and BBC Worldwide. While the film was a hit in the UK audience with 9.1 million viewers, it was not in the U.S. and not made the return of the series. Meanwhile, licensed products such as novels and radio dramas provided new stories, but the television program Doctor Who remained dormant until 2003. In September of that year, BBC Television announced domestic production of a new series after several years without success to find financial support for a movie. The new series would be produced by the writer Russell T. Davies and controller of BBC Wales Drama, Julie Gardner. The new series debuted on BBC One on March 26, 2005 and the program was sold to other countries. BBC subsequently commissioned two more series and specials for Christmas. The specials were issued in 2005 and 2006 and the 3 Series began March 31, 2007 at 19:00 in the UK. Encargaó also a fourth series and a Christmas special for 2007. After the series of 2008, it was a Christmas special, and in 2009, were issued four more special for the farewell of the 10th Doctor, one at Easter, one in November, and last two chapters within the same story that would be issued in the December 25 and January 1, giving way to the 11th Doctor. It stars another season in 2010 and is rumored that the actor has a contract until 2013 with Christmas specials every year. The program quickly became a national institution, the subject of countless jokes, newspaper mentions and other popular culture references. Renowned actors asked for or offered as guest stars in several stories. However, with the popularity came controversy over the adequacy of the program for children. The moral advocate Mary Whitehouse spent a number of complaints to the BBC during the 1970s on frightening or gory content. Their actions, however, made the program more popular, especially among children. John Nathan-Turner, who produced the series during the 1980, noted the comments of Whitehouse and audience levels were increased shortly after performing them. During 1970, Radio Times, the journal of events from the BBC announced that a mother said that the title music had frightened her son. Although Radio Times asked for forgiveness, the title music remained. There were more complaints about program content. During the second season of Jon Pertwee as the Doctor, the Terror of the Autons seriel (1971), images of plastic dolls, daffodils killing unsuspecting victims and android policemen marked the summit of the program's ability to scare children. Other times this decade are the presumed drowning of The Deadly Assassin Doctor (1976) and a negative portrayal suspuesto Chinese in The Talons of Weng-Chiang (1977). An audience survey conducted in 1972 the BBC in its definition of "any act that may cause physical or psychological harm, pain or death to persons, animals or property, whether intentional or accidental," showed that Doctor Who was the most violent drama program that had occurred. The same report put that 3% of the audience noted that the program was "very inappropriate" to see family. However, in response to the poll by The Times, journalist Philip Howard maintained that "comparing the violence of Dr Who, sired by a laugh from a nightmare, with more realistic violence of other television series, where the actors Humans seem to bleed paint that looks like blood, is like comparing Monopoly with the property market in London: both are fantasies, but can be taken seriously. " The TARDIS image of the ship became an icon in the public consciousness. In 1996, BBC registered as trademark design blue police box for merchandising associated with Doctor Who. In 1998, the Metropolitan Police filed an objection to the trademark application, and in 2002 the Patent Office ruled in favor of the BBC saying that the image of the police box was more associated with Doctor Who than to the police. For example, Radiohead's song "Up On The Ladder" You can hear "I'm stuck in the TARDIS" (I'm trapped in the TARDIS). The resurrection of the program in twenty-first century has become the centerpiece of Saturday's schedule BBC One and "defines the channel." Doctor Who originally aired on BBC1 for 26 seasons, from November 23, 1963 to December 6, 1989. During the original broadcast, each weekly episode formed part of a story or serial, typically four to six parties in the early years and three to four quarters later. There are three notable exceptions: the epic The Daleks' Master Plan which aired in 12 episodes plus a launch episode, Mission to the Unknown, where it appeared the regular cast, the serial The War Games of 10 episodes, and The Trial of a Time Lord, which lasted 14 episodes, which contained four stories sometimes referred to individually framed and connected by streams during the season 23. Occasionally serials were connected indirectly through a search argument as the season 16 in The Key of Time. The program aimed to be educational and family to be seen in the afternoon of Saturday. Initially, it alternated stories in the past to teach history to young audiences with stories in the future to teach about science. This was reflected in the original companions of the Doctor, one was a science teacher and the other a history teacher. However, science fiction began to dominate the agenda and history, which were not popular in the production team were eliminated after the serial The Highlanders (1967). While the program continued to use historical settings, are generally used as a backdrop for science fiction stories, with the exception of serial Black Orchid set in the UK, 1920. The first stories were more like a serial nature, with a flowing story-telling to the next, and each episode had its own title, although produced as distinct stories with their own production codes. Following The Gunfighters (1966), each received his own title serial and only individual parts were assigned as episode numbers. Among the writers of the original series were Terry Nation, Henry Lincoln, Douglas Adams, Robert Holmes, Terrance Dicks, Dennis Spooner, Eric Saward, Malcolm Hulke, Christopher H. Bidmead, Stephen Gallagher, Brian Hayles, Chris Boucher, Peter Grimwade, Marc Platt and Ben Aaronovitch. The serial format changed with his reappearance, 2005, in which the series consisted of 13 episodes of 45 minutes. This includes three episodes into two parts and an argument by using the elements season to join them at the end of the season. As in the original program, episodes of both parties have separate titles. Since 1963 have issued 766 episodes of Doctor Who, ranging from the most common format of episodes of 25 minutes to 45 minute episodes for one season in 1985 and 2005, the new series, two feature film productions, The Five Doctors of 1983 and 1996 television movie, and six Christmas special of 60 minutes. Doctor Who surpassed the Star Trek saga, with 726 episodes in five programs in its third episode of 2007. Between 1967 and 1978, large amounts of older material stored in the film archives and libraries of the BBC were destroyed or deleted. This included many old episodes of Doctor Who, mostly stories of his first two Doctors, William Hartnell and Patrick Troughton. The records are complete since the program began to use color, early as the third Doctor Jon Pertwee, although some episodes need major restoration. In total, 108 of the 253 episodes produced during the first six years of the program does not exist in the archives of the BBC. Some episodes have returned to the BBC from the archives of other countries who bought copies for broadcast or individuals that achieved by various means. Recordings have been recovered to color, and recorded on film extracts of 8 mm. Audio versions of all lost episodes have been recovered from the tape recordings of the viewers of the program. One of the most popular events is the fourth part of the last William Hartnell serial, The Tenth Planet (1966), which ends with the Doctor becoming the first second. The only part that there is also no sound pieces in 8 mm, are some seconds of the regeneration scene, through which appeared in the children's program Blue Peter. With the approval of the BBC, efforts are underway to restore as many episodes as possible with all existing material. Began in the early 1990's, when the BBC began to relist audio recordings of missing serials on cassette and CD. The official reconstructions have also appeared on VHS and MP3 and as a DVD special content. The BBC, with the help of animation studio Cosgrove Hall, has moved on episodes 1 and 4 of The Invasion (1968) in animated format, using the audio tracks and notes from the scene and offered for sale on DVD in November 2006 . Although no similar reconstructions have been announced, Cosgrove Hall has expressed interest to create animations of lost episodes in the future. In April 2006, Blue Peter launched a challenge to find the lost episodes with the promise of reward with a Dalek model scale. The Doctor's character was originally wrapped in mystery. All that was known at the beginning of the program was that it was a traveling eccentric highly intelligent alien who fought against injustice while exploring time and space in a machine called the TARDIS, an acronym for Time And Relative Dimension In Space (And Time Relative Dimension in Space). TARDIS is much larger inside than outside. Due to a chronic failure of mimesis in his system, maintains the police box shape of the 1950's. However, not only changed the irascible and slightly sinister character of the Doctor to a more sympathetic figure, but ultimately it was revealed that he was running from his own people, the Lords of Time (Time Lords) from the planet Gallifrey. As Lord of Time, the Doctor has the ability to regenerate his body when near death, allowing change of lead actor. Other actors have also played the Doctor, though rarely more than once. Some well-known actors who have acted as the Doctor are in the movies Peter Cushing Dr. Who and the Daleks (1965) and Daleks – Invasion Earth 2150 AD (1966), Rowan Atkinson in a special four-episode 1999 as the Ninth Doctor, Doctor Hugh Grant as the Twelfth. During the program's history there have been controversial revelations about the Doctor, in the serial The Brain of Morbius (1976) noted that the First Doctor may not have been the first incarnation of the Doctor, during the time of the Seventh Doctor suggested that the Doctor was more than an ordinary Time Lord in the 1996 film was revealed that the Doctor was half human by his mother's side. In the first episode, An Unearthly Child, shows that the Doctor has a granddaughter and Fear Her (2006) The Doctor says that once was the father. The series of 2005 revealed that the Ninth Doctor was the only known surviving Time Lord and his home planet was destroyed. The Doctor almost always shares his adventures with up to three partners and since 1963 more than 35 actors and actresses have appeared in that role. The First Doctor original companions were his granddaughter (Carole Ann Ford) and two school teachers (Jacqueline Hill and William Russell). The comrades of the Ninth and Tenth Doctor was Rose Tyler (Billie Piper), the Captain Jack Harkness multisexual (John Barrowman), and occasionally Mickey Smith (Noel Clarke). Besides the above, the Tenth Doctor has had other companions: Martha Jones (Freema Agyeman), Donna Noble (Catherine Tate) and, until recently, Amy Pond (Karen Gillan). The only exception in the original series was in the serial The Deadly Assassin (1976) where the Doctor travels alone. The purpose is to provide a companion element in which the audience can identify and advance the story by asking questions or getting into trouble. The Doctor usually wins new friends and losing old ones, sometimes to return home or find new causes on worlds they have visited and sometimes die during the course of the series. The term used by the press is "companion" or "assistant." The series does not use the term consistently and often present themselves as friends of the Doctor. In the series of 2005, the Ninth Doctor claimed that "uses Rose Tyler (Billie Piper) as its partner." Despite the fact that most of the Doctor's companions are young, attractive women, the production of the original series had a taboo on any romantic relationship. The taboo was broken controversially in the 1996 film, when the Eighth Doctor kissed his companion Grace Holloway (Daphne Ashbrook). In 2005, the series played with the idea that various characters think that the Ninth Doctor and Rose were a couple, although it was suggested that belied the opposite end of the series and the following episodes with the Tenth Doctor. In fact, the Ninth and Tenth Doctor kisses has starred in several episodes in "Parting of the Ways" (2005), "The girl in the fireplace" (2006), "Smith